No, there always seem to be exceptions to the normal rules. I still believe it takes 10k miles for a gas engine to break in but don't have the hard data such as compression values and can only go by oil consumption. Yes, early starts and early use are very important as you say. If you glaze the rings with light usage and not warming up engine and varying load/rpms when an engine is brand new, you are SOL. In the old days, if this happened, a little Bon Ami into the intake would fix this but don't do this on a new engine. This trick was used on older engines with slower piston speeds and I found that it was actually a GM approved method to seat rings/break in engine on their 1955 V8s.
The power and fuel economy increases with a diesel are very noticeable once theyare broken in. As for small engines, it depends on the use of the product on how long it takes to break in. Most of my HT engines are dogs until they get about 7-10 hours of use on them and then they just wake up one day and have tons of power and are easier to start. It took my 3.5kw generator about a week's worth of continus use while camping before it would hold a load above 3k watts without bogging down.
On my 06 VW TDI, I started out at 39mpg and when hit 50k 47mpg was the norm on summer fuel. The mileage differences with a gasser are not as noticeable probably because of the magnitude of new versus broken in compression values.